Sistem navigasi kendaraan adalah perangkat navigasi berkendaraan modern yang digunakan untuk memandu perjalanan dari suatu tempat ke suatu tujuan tertentu, dengan menggunakan perangkat peta digital dan informasi posisi dengan menggunakan satelit GPS.
Sistem navigasi kendaraan sudah merupakan perlengkapan standar kendaraan mewah, dan bisa dibeli perangkat portabel dari penjual Sitem navigasi kendaraan.
Perlengkapan sistem navigasi kendaraan
[sunting] Global Positioning System
Untuk penentu posisi di lapangan, saat ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat yang disebut GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver, yang kemudian diolah untuk mendapatkan posisi koordinat buminya. Ketelitian GPS semakin teliti, saat ini telah dijual perangkat Sistem navigasi kendaraan dengan tingkat akurasi beberapa meter saja.
Kekurangan Dari Sistem Navigasi Kendaraan adalah sistem mewajibkan ada nya sinyal dari satelit. sehingga apabila anda atau pengguna alat ini berada di tempat yang tidak memiliki atau sinyal dari satelit kurang tajam sistem nya tidak akan berajalan lancar.
Hari Kerja -Pagi hari jam 4 subuh saiia bangun untuk shalat dan mandi. -jam 6 pagi saya sarapan bantu beres-beres kamar. -jam 7.30 saya pergi ke kampus. -di kampus pasti nya saiia belajar. seandainya ada jam kosong saiia biasa bermain game di warnet deket kampus. atau juga nge net dll. -jam 12an saiia pergi ke masjid untuk shalat. -jam 3an ke kampus lagi untuk menimba ilmu. -jam 5 biasa nya saiia pulang kerumah.
Week end -bangun -mandi -makan -maen komputer -nonton -dll.
Jaringan komputer telah berkembang selama lebih dari 40 tahun, dan dalam kurun waktu tersebut fungsinya telah berubah dari sekedar alat percobaan di laboratorium menjadi suatu sistem yang digunakan oleh berjuta-juta orang setiap harinya.
Jaringan komputer pertama bernama Arpanet, yang merupakan cikal bakal internet dimana jutaan orang diberbagai belahan dunia dapat mengakses untuk saling berkomunikasi, berbagi informasi dan mencari informasi dengan cepat dan sangat mudah tanpa dibatasi oleh waktu dan wilayah, dan semakin hari perkembangannya semakin meningkat.
B. Internet
Pada tahun 1963, RAND Coorporation membangun suatu jaringan yang menghubungkan semua tempat strategis di Amerika Serikat dengan UCLA sebagai pusat jaringannya. Pada tahun 1964 dikeluarkan proposal RAND yang intinya membentuk jaringan yang sifatnya tidak terpusat pada satu tempat dan tetap berfungsi sekalipun dalam keadaan hancur. Proposal ini diilhami oleh munculnya NET di awal tahun 1960-an. Pada tahun 1969 empat buah IMP (interface Message Processor) dikirimkan ke 4 perguruan tinggi yaitu, UCLA, SRI (standart research Institute), UCSB (University of California Santa Barbara) dan University of Utah. Jaringan ini kemudian disebut ARPANET yang kemudian hari hari berkembang menjadi internet seperti sekarang.
Sampai saat ini belum ada istilah/definisiyang cocok untuk mendefinisikan internet, alasannya adalah perbedaan makna antara dahulu, sekarang dan masa yang akan datang. Hal ini disebabkan kekomplekan yang ada pada internet serta perubahan yang terjadi setiap saat pada arsitekturnya serta cara pandang orang yang memiliki berbagai persepsi mengenai internet.
Secara umum internet merupakan suatu jaringan komputer yang terdiri dari berbagai macam ukuran jaringan komputer diseluruh dunia mulai dari sebuah PC, jaringan-jaringan lokal skala kecil, jaringan-jaringan skala menengah hingga jaringan-jaringan utama yang menjadi backbound internet.
Sebelum mengenal internet lebih jauh, ada baiknya kita mengetahui lebih dulu pengertian dari jaringan komputer. Jaringan komputer adalah suatu gabungan nberbagai peralatan komunikasi dan komputer yang dihubungkan satu sama lain lewat medium komunikasi secara elaktronik. Komunikasi dapat dengan menggunakan kabel untuk jenis LAN (Local Area Network) , sedang untuk cakupan wil
ayah yang lebih luas sperti WAN (Wide Area Network) dapat menggunakan saluran telepon, gelombang mikro maupun satelit.
Gambar 1.2 Local Area Network
(www.ppimk.or.id/produk/billing/)
Gambar 1.3 Wide Area Network
(www.angelfire.com/id/alfy/jar1.html)
Untuk dapat mengakses internet dibutuhkan perlengkapan yang disebut modem (modulation/demodulation) yang berfungsi sebagai pembawa signal dari tempat asal ketempat tujuan dengan menggunakan gelombang frekuansi tinggi. Mesin komputer yang terhubung ke jaringan di sebut node. Tempat pemakai jaringan berada disebut terminal.
Semua perlengkapan jaringan saling berkomunikasi lewat suatu aturan umum yang disebut protokol. Ada beberapa jenis protokol yang dapatyang digunakan di internet, namun yang paling umum adalah TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol).
C. Perangkat Akses
Agar dapat terkoneksi ke jaringan internet, diperlukan beberapa perangkat tambahan selain komputer, diantaranya adalah :
a.Hardware
Modem : internal atau eksternal menghubungkan antara komputer dengan jalur komunikasi.
Saluran komunikasi : media yang digunakan untuk menerima atau mengirim data dari dan ke internet.
b.Software
Software untuk mengakses internet seperti web browser( Internet Explorer, Mozilla, Netscape, Mosaic dll), software Email (Microsoft Outlook, pegasus mail), software pengirim/penerima data ( Cute FTP, BFTP dll)
c.Penyedia akses
Untuk dapat mengakses ke internet kita harus menggunakan suatu provider penyedia jasa internet (Centrin, Telkomnet Instan, Indonet, Wasantara dll).
D. DNS (Domain Name Sevice)
Setiap komputer yang terkoneksi ke jaringan TCP/IP didefinisikan melalui IP Address. Suatu nama (disebut host name) juga dapat diberikan ke setiap device yang memiliki IP Adrress. IP address terdiri dari 4 segmen, masing –masing segmen terdiri dari 3 digit angka.
Contoh : 167.205.xxx.xxx
200.169.xxx.xxx
Dimana xxx diisi dengan angka 0-255
Alamat inilah yang dipakai sebagai pengenal suatu perangkat yang terkoneksi ke internet. Apakah manusia dapat menghapal angka-angka tersebut ketika ia akan mengakses alamat-alamat yang ada di internet ? tentu saja tidak. Oleh karena itu manusia sebagai pengguna network memerlukan metode penamaan yang mudah diingat dan diketik dengan tepat dibandingkan harus mengingat dan mengetikkan IP Address suatu komputer.
Pada internet setiap mesin diberi nama informatif. Dengan melihat nama suatu mesin, minimal orang dapat membayangkan dimana mesin berada dan service apa yang diberikannya. Bentuk hostname yang dipakai pada internet mirip dengan IP Address yaitu terdiri dari segmen berupa tingkatan. Contoh hostname :
Dns.unikom.ac.id
If.unikom.ac.id
Dns.inkom.lipi.go.id
Arti dari nama dns.unikom.ac.id adalah suatu mesin yang diberi nama dns, fungsinya sebagai domain name server, mesin ini berada di UNIKOM, tergabung dalam domain ac (academic) dan berada di Indonesia (id). Sedang dns.inkom.lipi.go.id berada di LIPI Bandung tergabung dalam domain go (government) dan berada di Indonesia (id).
Top level domain yang dipakai pada internet adalah singkatan nama negara (geografis). Beberapa contoh top level ini adalah :
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Let's face it; there is no substitute for hard work. Everyone knows that one of the best ways to lose weight is through proper diet and exercise. It isn't always easy to do. Many people lead hectic lives. They have demanding jobs that leave very little time to eat let alone eat properly. Some people have children or have jobs which are very demanding and leave very little time (or energy) for exercise. Proper dieting and exercise is achievable. With a little planning and will power you can be on your way to a slimmer trimmer and healthier new you.
The benefits of a proper diet
Let's begin by examining the definition of a diet. Simply put, a diet is eating particular foods in strictly controlled amount in order to regulate or control weight gain or loss. For some people, like athletes, the primary goal is weight gain especially in the form of muscle. For others, the goal is weight loss primarily in the form of fat. Many people diet not to gain or lose any weight, but they diet in order to maintain or stabilize their current or desired body weight.
Proper dieting is not only essential to losing weight but is essential for maintaining good health. However, each person must use caution when dieting. Not every diet is right for you. Sometimes it's very difficult for some people to not only lose weight but to keep it off for long period of time. This could be due to changes in the person’s lifestyle, metabolism, genetics, hormones or even their general health. In fact, it's been reported that only 20% of dieters who have lost 10% or more of their body weight are able to keep that weight off for more than a year.
Losing weight and keeping it off is not always easy to accomplish, but it is well worth the effort. Among the benefits of losing weight is reduced risk of heart disease. Maintaining good health and having more energy are beneficial as well. Living a long life is also a plus. Being that it isn't always easy to stick to a diet it's good to construct a plan that works for you. It's always best to consult with a professional in order to find a diet that is right for you and safely produce the results you need.
Exercise, exercise, exercise!
Needless to say, exercise is also a great way to lose weight and maintain good health. Exercise is considered to be any physical activity that helps keep the body fit and improve mental as well as physical health. In particular, aerobic exercise is necessary in building muscle in the body and strengthening the heart. As a rule of thumb, effective aerobic exercise should increase your heart rate by 50% (starting from a resting state) for about 30 minutes, 3 times per week. For most people, this can be accomplished through a nice quick walk. Find interesting and creative ways to exercise. For instance, take the stares instead of the elevator next time. Park your car farther away in order to walk more. On a beautiful day, take a walk in the park with a friend, or ride your bike around your neighborhood. See how many creative ideas you can come up with to exercise, your body will thank you for it.
Before you start eating your favorite, you might want to know whether you’re having too much cholesterol. Few years ago, many were not aware what cholesterol level is but with all the information everywhere people are becoming aware how their cholesterol levels affect their lives. You have to remember that you are what you eat and what you eat has something to do with your cholesterol. What is cholesterol? How will you know if you have a healthy cholesterol level?
Cholesterol Is…
Cholesterol is a type of lipid needed in all the vital functions of the body. Every single one of our cells is surrounded by cholesterol and its job is to insulate our nerve fibers. By insulating the nerve fibers, the cholesterol ensures that the nerve signals are traveling properly which is extremely important. Cholesterol also produces hormones which are used to carry specific signals around the body.
Too much cholesterol in the body would increase your chances of heart disease. If you have a high cholesterol level, you should bring it down. Even though cholesterol is essential for our bodies to function properly, still it should be controlled properly.
What Is Your Cholesterol Level?
How do you know if your cholesterol levels are high? You have to consult your doctor let you know exactly what your cholesterol level is. Knowing your levels is not really enough to tell whether or not you have a risk of heart disease, you need to find out what your Lipoprotein levels is.
Lipoproteins are molecules which are especially designed to carry cholesterol around the body. They are important because they control exactly how much cholesterol is in your body. Now, there are two main types of Lipoproteins:
- High Density Lipoproteins - Low Density Lipoproteins
The one which you really need to be aware of is Low Density Lipoproteins. A high level of Low Density Lipoproteins means that you have a bad cholesterol that here is too much of it to build up. High Density Lipoproteins means good cholesterol that they are used to carry cholesterol away from cells and to the liver.
The complicated thing about cholesterol is the right level you should belong. The doctor has the ability to tell you how low your cholesterol levels should be. The average person usually should have around 4.0mmol/l but if you have a low density lipoprotein count, then you should have around 2.0mmol/l. As mentioned, however, each person is different so you need to get your levels checked to see exactly what you should be aiming for.
Cholesterol is important and you should know what levels you have for you to know what you can do about it. More and more people are developing heart disease due to high levels of cholesterol so it is advisable to go to your doctors to know your cholesterol level.
There are many ways to improve your cholesterol level. Eat healthy food that can help lower your LDL cholesterol level. With a healthy diet, your body is protected from the damaging effect of cholesterol. You should quit smoking, lose weight and exercise to raise your HDL cholesterol level.
Following a healthy low fat diet can lower cholesterol levels. If healthy eating and exercising don’t work after about six months, consult your family doctor of the medicine to lower your cholesterol level.
Dieting web sites and dieting plans are so successful that it's almost a given that anybody can find the perfect free dieting scheme on the internet. Free diet plans are, well, free - you don't pay anything upfront. But many people don’t trust them having a good reason. The famed "cabbage soup diet" or the "3 days diet" are just two random examples of diet plans that will never work and can even be downright dangerous.
So how can you find a sound free diet plan? Is there any such a thing?
The keyword when you're looking for a diet plan is common sense. Use your knowledge and your intuition to pick between the various diets, it's not that hard. For example it would be a good thing to find out right from the start what the right amount of calories you need based on your current weight and daily activity. It's worth noting that even if you are 100 lbs and a complete couch potato, you still need about 1300 calories per day just to stay alive and well.
For most of us, a good dieting plan would do nothing more than give some guidelines on what to eat to stay within the daily limits for calories. And any plan that attempts to tell you that 500 calories per day is good for you won't help you at all.
After decades of dieting, many people have become more knowledgeable and it's easier to say when we are eating something we shouldn't. Any scheme, be it a free diet plan or one especially made for you by a dietician, will take into account that you will be faced with having to eat some no - so - healthy food sooner or later. You never know what will be on the menu at your cousin's wedding party or at that very important dinner meeting with out of town customers.
The next very important thing is to find a diet that can accommodate your favorite foods, even if they are pork chops and fries. You won't be able to diet and feel happy about it if you have to give up everything you like. Incorporating foods you like is beneficial in the long run and it will drastically decrease the danger of binge eating.
And another tricky part you have to take into account when you try a free diet plan is during the day you are most likely to eat. I am yet to find a person who likes to eat very early in the morning and needs to diet. Hey, maybe I'm on to something here! A good diet plan will make the transition from a dedicated evening eater to a healthy morning eater seem easy and enjoyable. And the whole purpose of a diet plan is to make life and food enjoyable even when it's served in small, healthy bites. Dieting is supposed to be fun, to make you feel happier, healthier and ready to try even more nice new things in your life!
Saya adalah mahasiswa Unikom Fakultas Teknik dan Ilmu Komputer jurusan Teknik Informatika kelas IF-2 nim saya 10108066.
My spesialist is game player. Cita-cita saya adalah menjadi seorang game creator.
Rumah saya di cibiru jauh dari kampus. Saya pergi dari rumah pagi dan pulang dari kampus malam hari. Itulah keseharianku.
Let's begin by examining the definition of a diet. Simply put, a diet is eating particular foods in strictly controlled amount in order to regulate or control weight gain or loss. For some people, like athletes, the primary goal is weight gain especially in the form of muscle. For others, the goal is weight loss primarily in the form of fat. Many people diet not to gain or lose any weight, but they diet in order to maintain or stabilize their current or desired body weight.
